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Identify and Control Safety Hazards on Construction Sites to Reduce Worker Injuries and Increase Productivity.
Construction Safety Engineering Principles: Designing and Managing Safer Job Sites equips you with a step-by-step methodology for identifying and controlling hazards before construction begins. The book explains how to look beyond the utility of machinery and equipment to how they will actually be used on a construction site - and thereby spot potential hazards in advance.
Safety expert David MacCollum presents examples of the 50 most common construction hazards, showing how they can be eliminated by means of proven design techniques and technologies. He explains how to prevent falls from elevations with safe access systems, get rid of blind zones behind mobile equipment, utilize control systems that cannot be unintentionally activated, avoid crane accidents, and much more. Packed with detailed illustrations, Construction Safety Engineering Principles enables you to:
- Design and plan safer construction sites for residential, commercial, and industrial projects.
- Correct safety problems before construction begins.
- Dramatically reduce costly worker injuries and job delays.
- Increase productivity and create a more cost-effective project.
Improve Safety Conditions on any Construction Site!
• Hazard Definition (Dormant, Armed, or Active) • Hazard Prevention through Design Features and Safety Appliances • Hazard Categories (Natural, Structural/Mechanical, Electrical, Chemical, Radiant Energy, Biological, Automated) • Safe Design Hierarchy • Hazard Identification and Prevention Matrix • Crane Hazards • Other Equipment Hazards • Universal Hazards • Access Hazards • Types of Construction • Operation and Maintenance • Planning • Including Safety in the Design • Including Safety in the Master Construction Plan • Economics of Safer Design
Excerpt from the Introduction
Construction has been plagued with serious injuries and deaths for years. Unfortunate incidents have contributed to excessive loss of lives and damage to property, casting a pall over the construction industry. Past efforts in construction safety have usually focused on identifying hazards after workers arrive at the site and tailoring worker behavior in an attempt to avoid injury. Recently new concepts have heralded a change of direction in the industry. Construction planners are increasingly looking "upstream" to remove or control hazards at their source. Identifying and combating the source of hazards through the concept of "inherently safe design: increases the safety of a project before the workers arrive at the job site by preventing hazards before they cause injury. The idea of inherently safe design is quickly gaining momentum to change the very nature of the construction industry. This book offers a practical guide to the basics of early hazard identification to create a safer, more efficient construction project from planning to completion.
Starting in 1985 the International Labour Office in Geneva and the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions concluded that approximately 60% of all fatal accidents in construction arise from faulty design or insufficient planning. While the exact percentage remains the subject of debate and discussion, a number of this magnitude challenges those who manage the process of design to save lives and money simply by the application of improved engineering practices. Such perspective should be a revelation to designers and engineers, who are accustomed to viewing the majority of accidents in the construction industry as attributable to the routine chaos of the construction site. It also challenges the construction manager to move outside the traditional role as an enforcer of safe work practices at the construction site and play an integral part in project design and engineering. To do so would put more focus on prevention than ever before.
The objective of this book is to develop and expand engineering principles of inherently safer design for construction. To accomplish this task, this book will draw from four pioneering approaches to safer design. These approaches, which formed the cornerstone of modern system safety engineering to prevent hazards by design, are to
- eliminate the hazard by improving the design of the facility to be constructed and the equipment to be used in the task,
- select safer methodology if possible,
- provide guarding to prevent contact with the hazard,
- provide safety factors to minimize the hazard,
- provide redundancy with several safeguards to confine the hazard.
Table of Contents
Acknowledgments. Introduction. Part I: Development of the Five Principles for Safety Design in Construction. Chapter 1: Principle One: Definition of a Hazard. Chapter 2: Principle Two: The Standard of Care. Chapter 3: Principle Three: Categories of Hazards. Chapter 4: Principle Four: The Safe Design Hierarchy to Physically Control Hazards. Chapter 5: Principle Five: Control the Hazard with the Appropriate Design Improvement or Appliance. Chapter 6: Reliability: A Method to Evaluate Probable Safe Performance. Part II: Examples of Engineering Control. Chapter 7: Crane Hazards.
Section 1: Two-Blocking. Section 2: Crane Upset from Overload. Section 3: Jib-Boom Stowage on Hydraulic Cranes. Section 4: Latticework Boom Disassembly. Section 5: Crane Operator Protection from Upset or Falling Objects. Section 6: Powerline Contact. Chapter 8: Other Equipment Hazards. Section 1: Electronic-News-Gathering Van Powerline Contact. Section 2: Conveyors. Section 3: Skid-Steer Front-End Loader and Rough-Terrain Telescoping-Boom Forklift Side Upset. Section 4: Trucks. Section 5: Aerial Lifts. Section 6: Unsafe Restraint Systems. Section 7: Equipment Leasing. Chapter 9: Universal Hazards. Section 1: Killer Hooks. Section 2: Blind Zones. Section 3: Dangerous Nuts, Bolts, Pins, and Other Connectors. Section 4: Unsafe Control Systems. Section 5: Guarding of Moving Parts. Section 6: Noisy Equipment and Machines. Section 7: Mold. Section 8: Dust. Section 9: Ventilation. Section 10: Pinch Points. Section 11: Compressed Gases. Section 12: Hazardous Secondary Voltages. Chapter 10: Access Hazards. Section 1: Fall Prevention. Section 2: Fall Protection. Section 3: Falling Objects. Section 4: Ladders. Section 5: Dangerous Access to Equipment. Section 6: Traffic Control. Section 7: Haul Roads. Chapter 11: Types of Construction Hazards. Section 1: Wood-Frame Construction. Section 2: Concrete Form Work. Section 3: Masonry Failures. Section 4: Tilt-Up. Section 5: Lift Slabs. Section 6: Steel Erection. Section 7: Trenching. Section 8: Tunneling. Section 9: Diving/Underwater Construction. Chapter 12: Operation and Maintenance Hazards. Section 1: Fire Prevention. Section 2: Confined Spaces. Section 3: Lighting. Section 4: Toxic Fumes and Gases. Section 5: Wind and Flooding. Section 6: Sanitation. Part III: Mechanics of Inherently Safer Design. Chapter 13: Including Safety into Design Planning. Section 1: Architectural Design Planning. Section 2: Equipment Design Planning. Chapter 14: Including Safety into Construction Planning. Section 1: Construction Safety Planning. Chapter 15: The Economics of Inherently Safer Design. Index.
About the Author
David MacCollum PE CSP is an award-winning engineer with more than 35 years of experience as a consultant specializing in safety research and technical assistance for high-risk hazards. He is also the author of Crane Hazards and their Prevention. His articles regularly appear in professional and trade journals such as Professional Safety, Western Construction, National Safety News, Professional Engineer, Journal of Industrial Hygiene, and Hazard Prevention. Mr MacCollum is the principal founder of the Hazard Information Foundation, Inc., a nonprofit foundation that maintains a resource library of safety and hazard information. He is listed in Who's Who in Engineering. |
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